نمونه ترجمه تخصصی بهداشت عمومی درباره موانع اهدای عضو بیماران مرگ مغزی در ایران

The obstacles of brain-death patients’ organ donation in Iran

Brain death is a situation when all the brain’s functions are stopped and an irreversible brain damage has taken place [1]. Organ donation is a beneficial decision that can be made after brain death [2]. Currently, more than one million individuals in the world have received organs and many of them has survived over 25 years. Five years survival rate in transplanted organs is more than 70% [3]. In spite of a considerable growth in the tendency to donate organ over the past decades [4], lack of organs for donation still is a serious problem in the world [5]. So that about 10-25% of patients on donation list die before receiving the organ [6]. Iran is one of the countries with the shortage of organ donation [7]. On average, 2500-4000 brain deaths happen in Iran who can be candidates for organ donation. However, only 926 families of brain death patients consented to organ donation in 2017. That is, organ donation rate in Iran is 10.9 per one million and this rate places Iran at 27th rank in the world [8]. Reluctance to donate organ is affected by several factors like attitudes [9], religious beliefs [10], incorrect perception of brain death [11], dissatisfaction with care system [12], and education level [13]. Studies have shown that the perception of brain death and decision to donate organs are related to the individual who makes the request, the time of making the request, and the way of expressing the request [14]. In addition, the deeper the understanding of families of brain death and organ donation and the more positive the religious beliefs and attitudes towards organ donation, the higher the tendency to donate organs [15]. A study by Degroot showed that improper timing to bring in the request for organ donations, lack of support by relatives and medical team, and poor knowledge about organ donation were the factors effective in refusing to donate organ [16]. Since different societies, depending on their values, beliefs, and cultures, have different ways of dealing with brain death and consent to donate organ, it is essential to examine this issue in Iranian society, which has its unique cultural and social textures. The majority of studies in this field have been quantitative and experimental in nature [17] and there is a limited number of theories in the literature. In addition, there have been a few research works on the background obstacles of organ donation in brain-death patients in Iran. Therefore, a qualitative examination of this complicated and multi-dimensional phenomenon is imperative. The present study is an attempt to elaborate on the obstacles of organ donation in brain-death patients in Iran following a qualitative approach.