نمونه ترجمه تخصصی بهداشت عمومی درباره تناسب ابعاد آنتروپومتریک دانش آموزان و ابعاد میز و صندلی مدارس ایران

anthropometric dimensions of students and the dimensions of classroom furniture in Iran

Anthropometry is the science of measuring dimensions, sizes, and body properties of individuals to design suitable equipment and work environment [1]. Students normally spend half of the day at school and a large portion of this time on benches in classrooms. Leaning forward or a static posture are some of the factors that can damage the vertebral column and the intervertebral disks in particular [2]. Studies have shown that school furniture in general are of the same size and rarely fit the body dimensions of users [3]. A study in the USA on 74 students at age range 11-13 years showed that only 18.9 of the students fitted the furniture at school and for the rest, the depth and height of chairs was unsuitable [4]. Studies have shown that the lack of proportion can lead to pains in the lower leg, foot sole, knee, neck, shoulders, and waist. In addition, the causes disruption in blood circulation, and varicose veins [5]. Because of lifestyle changes following the expansion of digital life and cyberworld, backpain has become a health problem in children [6]. According to annual statistics in the USA, about US$25 million is spent on general backpain in students and part of the problem is because of lack of proportion of school furniture to students’ body [7]. Students have shown that the lack of proportion of the height of sitting surface of chair to the legs’ length has a significant relationship with wrong siting posture. In addition, lack of proportion of the elbow height in sitting position to table height has a significant relationship with pain in shoulders and neck [8]. Lack of proportion of the dimensions of chair and table makes the user to sit in a wrong way on the chair. This increases the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and learning and concentration problems in students [9]. On the other hand, furniture designed based on ergonomic principles can prevent neckache and backpain in students and decrease fatigue in students [10]. There have been studies in different Iranian cities on the proportionate of school furniture to the anthropometric dimensions of students [10-21]. Some studies have emphasized on negligence in observing internal standards of designing school furniture and the necessity of developing indigenous standards based on anthropometric dimensions [22]. The point is that students’ anthropometric dimensions dictate the proper dimensions of the chair and tables in classrooms [8]. There are a few databanks of anthropometric data of students in Iran [23]. A review study tried to analyze Iranian students’ anthropometric data in 2016, while the study population was limited to elementary students [24]. Taking into account the large student population, 20 million of Iranian population [23] and that they are the future of any society, their health is of highest important. In light of this, the present study is a review of studies on the proportion of school equipment to the anthropometric dimensions of students in Iranian schools and tries to propose recommendations.