نمونه ترجمه تخصصی بهداشت عمومی درباره اعتیاد در میان نوجوانان

Drug addiction in teenagers

Drug addiction is one of the main health, treatment, and social problems of the new century. It is not an exaggeration to say that all societies are challenged by this problem to some extent. Prevalence of drug abuse in the East Mediterranean region shows that the rates of drug addiction in some of the countries in the region are the highest in the world. According to drug control bureau, Iranian were one of the top consumers of narcotics drugs in the world in 2011. According to IDCH, 2.27% and 0.01% of global consumption of opiods and cocaine respectively happens in Iran. The destructive effects of drug addiction cover a wide range of issues and along with sever hardships experienced by the drug addicts, the family, friends, and colleagues also suffer. There is information available that shows drug consumption in teenagers and the youths has grown disquietingly. Many have their first experience with drugs during high school and the average age of first experience of alcoholic drink, cigarette, or other similar materials in students is about 12 years old. Global prevalence of Hashish and amphetamine in students at the age range 13-15 is 3.5% and 3.3% respectively. There are many differences between these two drugs. Studies among Iranian drug addicts have shown that teenagers under the age of 15 constitute 4% of the population and individuals at 15-19 age range constituted 24.4% of the population. Accordingly, one of the main approaches to control and reduce prevalence of drug consumption in adulthood is to extent effective controls over teenagers. Researchers believe that teenagers begin with legal options like cigarette and the slide towards illegal substances like inhalants and marijuana. In the recent years the age of developing tendency towards drugs in Iran has declined and this has caused worries in families and health policy makers. The fact that drugs are more attractive for the youth takes a heavy toll on active human resources of a country and strikes irrecoverable damages on the body of society. Therefore, paying more attention on teenagers and students in particular is imperative. Since, family is the environment in which individual are brought up, nurtured, and given a chance to experience socialization process, any disfunction in the family may lead to a variety of social deviances including drug abuse in the children. Students form their behaviors through socializing with friends and family members and they are affected by any deviance in the family members. The stronger the relationship between the individual and family, the higher the dependence to the family. Family norms have more chance of being internalized when such dependence is stronger. Reasonable fulfillment of teenagers’ needs, livelihood of family, and availability of facilities of future success are some of the familial factors that prevents tendency to narcotics in teenagers. According to researchers, there is a relationship between drug abuse and a mixture of unique traits of adolescence and youth and the quality of relationship with parents. Therefore, one of the main objectives of family-based prevention plans is to focus on family relationship skills and to boost the behaviors that lead to attachment, affection between the parents and children, effective supervision on children, and development of disciplinary skills of child.