نمونه ترجمه تخصصی روانشناسی درباره گروه درمانی با رویکرد حمایتی آموزشی

Group therapy based on educational and supportive approach

The prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) is growing along with population growth and expansion of urban life. In addition, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a serous of public health issue due to the increase in prevalence and mortality rate [2]. One of the main challenges of health systems in the 21st century is that there will be1200 ESRD patients in each million population by 2020 [3]. The ESRD patients have three options including hemodialysis, kidney transplantation, and peritoneal dialysis [4, 5]. Not all renal disease patients have the chance of kidney transplantation [6]. The most common form of dialysis is hemodialysis (HD) that is performed three times per week in a hemodialysis center [3, 7, 8]. The number of HD patients increases by 15% each year in Iran [9]. Patients under HD have different physiological experiences like fatigue, limited physical activity, decreased blood pressure, muscle spasm, nausea and vomiting, limitations of doing normal activities, and interruption of everyday life [10]. In addition, HD creates problems like limitations of consuming liquids and foods, physical activity limitations, performance disorders, therapeutic problems during dialysis session, and career problems [4]. Chronic pain, fatigue, cognitive disorders, depression, and anxiety are reported by one half of ESRD patients [11]. Studies have shown that 65% of renal patients under HD suffer at least one oral lesion such as dry mouth, bad taste in the mouth, decrease in taste faculty, increase teeth decay rate, and gum bleeding. These problems affect the different aspects of quality of life (QOL) [12]. In general, physical, and social performance disorder decrease QOL in HD patients [13, 14]. The main objective of palliative care is to improve QOL. These interventions improve the quality of care and decrease medication expenses [10]. Treatment of ESRD patients is mostly of palliative nature and attempts to improve QOL in patients [15-17]. Improvement of QOL in dialysis patients should be an objective of treatment programs [18]. Group intervention in the form of group therapy is one of the least expensive and easy to access treatments and care methods for patients who deal with a wide range of problems and challenges including problems in implementing disease coping methods and creating behavioral or life style changes [19]. Studies have shown that psychotherapy and non-pharmaceutical interventions are effective in adding meaning to life, creating goals in life, and improving QOL in patients with CKD [20]. There are reliable evidences that group psychotherapy interventions are effective in improving QOL, decreasing mental pressure, improving coping skills, and decreasing the problems with symptoms and pain in ESRD patients [9, 21]. Nurses can improve QOL in patients through primary intervention and group sessions to provide consultation and education services to ESRD and HD patients [22]. Given the fact that educational and psychotherapy interventions have positive effects on QOL and that the QOL elements are important in CKD patients under HD, the present study is an attempt to determine the effects of supportive and educational group therapy on the QOL of HD patients.