نمونه ترجمه تخصصی روایابی درباره سرقت ادبی

plagiarism

The term “plagiarism” refers to different ways of copying of ideas, methods, results, and words without mentioning the source and the original author [1]. It covers a wide range of behaviors like intentional or unintentional self-plagiarism or copying diagrams, figures, and tables [2]. Plagiarism is an unethical phenomenon [3] with a long history and deep root in the history science. It has become a more common issue in the modern age of information [4]. Currently, plagiarism is recognized as an unacceptable and most destructive academic behavior [5]. It actually, is a major challenge of today universities [6] and many research institutes and universities have introduced principles and standards based on a clear definition of plagiarism. Several guidelines and educational initiatives have been introduced to prevent plagiarism and promote responsible research behavior [7]. Over the past years, plagiarism has become a main area of interest for researchers so that a large body of literature has been created to examine different aspects of the phenomenon like individuals’ awareness and attitude [8], and the causes of committing plagiarism [9]. Like many other countries, Iran is faced with the issue of plagiarism in its academic communities [10]. Recent years have witnessed a surge in the number of higher education institutes and postgraduate students in Iran [11]. Consequently, the number of scientific and research works has increased notably in Iran [12]. However, plagiarism has become a ubiquitous phenomenon in Iran so than according to Scimago, 1.5 paper out of every 1000 papers from Iranian authors have been rejected due to plagiarism between 2013 and 2015 [13]. In addition, copying materials from the Internet has become and normal way of doing assignments and writing assays and dissertations in Iran [14]. Several factors are effective in committing plagiarism. Fatima et al. surveyed the internal and external factors effective in plagiarism in 176 students from five state universities in China. They found the factors effective in plagiarism so that behavior control and educational factors had a positive effect on plagiarism and information technology (IT) did not have a notable effect on plagiarism. Among the external factors, plagiarism has a positive and significant relationship with pride, and plagiarism; while there was no significant relationship between academic skills and plagiarism [15]. In another study by Smith et al. on plagiarism in students showed that lack of knowledge, lack of awareness, lack of skills, personal attitudes, and the facilities provided by the Internet were the main reasons for plagiarism in students [16]. Zamani et al. (2012) studied 370 university students in Iran and showed that elements like attitude, ease of access to the Internet, lack of self-efficacy in doing a research work, mental and psychological pressure, and the unique role of the online world were effective in committing plagiarism by students [17]. A qualitative study by Amiri and Razmju (2015) in Iran revealed that the lack of awareness in university professors about plagiarism, lack of writing and research skills, peers’ pressure, the pressure on submitting a quality work, and ease of plagiarism were the main factors in doing plagiarism [18].